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Weight Gain Not Inevitable with Depo-Provera

Many women avoid using a highly effective contraceptive method, depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), because they fear weight gain. Although some studies have documented this effect, others have not found evidence of weight gain with DMPA. This study conducted in Thailand found no significant weight gain in 50 healthy nonsmoking DMPA users (age, 37 to 50), compared with matched IUD users over a 120-month period. Mean body weights at baseline were 51.4 kg in the DMPA users and 50.5 kg in the IUD group. Mean baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressures were similar in DMPA and IUD users as well.

After 120 months, mean body weights had increased to 60.9 kg and 62.1 kg, in the DMPA and IUD groups, respectively, an insignificant difference. Five women in the DMPA group and seven in the IUD group developed hypertension or elevated blood pressure during the study, also an insignificant difference.

Comment: Both IUD and DMPA users gained weight over time. Unfortunately, the authors did not specify whether DMPA users who experienced weight gain discontinued its use before the end of the 10-year study. Nonetheless, women who are suitable candidates for DMPA, particularly those who cannot or prefer not to use other highly effective contraceptive methods, should be encouraged not to exclude DMPA as a choice based on a fear of weight gain.

— DE Judge

Published in Journal Watch Women's Health November 1, 1999

Citation(s):

Taneepanichskul S et al. Effects of DMPA on weight and blood pressure in long term acceptors. Contraception 1999 May 59 301-303.

• Medline abstract (Free)